1. X-ray exam X-ray examination is a common method for breast cancer. Breast cancer commonly can be divided into lumps or nodules, calcification and thickening of the skin symptoms group in the x-ray films. Mass with higher density, edge burr is diagnosed. Burr longer than the diameter of mass is called star lesions. 2. Ultrasound …
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Surgery is still one of the main treatments for breast cancer. The choice of surgical methods is depended on the severity of breast cancer, but the main the general trend is to minimize the surgical damage and try to keep the breast under conditions in the permit. No matter what kind of surgical procedures used, …
Breast cancer begins from a cell that divides uncontrolled. A small clump is too tiny to be felt. So, breast cancer can be asymptomatic in the early stage, and it may show local and systemic symptoms with the progression of this disease. They may include: 1、Lump: The classic symptom for breast cancer is a lump …
In the western countries, the risk of developing breast cancer is 1 in 13 in a woman’s life. Actually, the mortality is only I in 43 dying from breast cancer due to the early screening and advanced treatment. What causes breast cancer? The development of breast cancer is the same to other cancers that cells …
Australia is one of the highest rates of bowel cancer in the world, with 12,000 new cases every year. It is almost 40% of those people will die from it. This is equivalent to one death every two hours(bowelcanceraustralia). Though bowel caner is a killer, if diagnosed and treated early, it is one of the most …
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Menstruation changes Vaginal bleeding When abortion happened within 3 months of pregnancy, the villi and decidua separated and sinus opened, so, the vaginal bleeding often occur in early abortion and the amount of bleeding is more. For the late abortion, the placenta has formed, and miscarriage is similar to the premature birth process, that the …
According to the clinical development process, there are seven types of abortion: 1. Threatened abortion Clinical symptoms of miscarriage occurred, but pregnancy products still remained in Uterine, which commonly happened in the early pregnancy. The symptoms include that vaginal bleeds a litter with bright red, but if the product in the vagina longer, with brown …
Menstruation Changes Vaginal bleeding When abortion happened within 3 months of pregnancy, the villi and decidua separated and sinus opened, so, the vaginal bleeding often occur in early abortion and the amount of bleeding is more. For the late abortion, the placenta has formed, and miscarriage is similar to the premature birth process, that the …
Genetic defects Spouse with chromosomal abnormalities can transmit to the fetus, and then cause abortion. There are about 50~60% fetus with chromosomal abnormalities will undergo spontaneous abortion. The chromosomal abnormalities can include: Aneuploidy: Aneuploidy refers to an abnormal number of chromosomes, and is a type of chromosome abnormality, such as three-body, x single and Triploid. …
In colon epithelium, the expression level of KLF4 is duodenum > jejunum > ileum，that is consistent with differentiation and proliferation of intestinal epithelial cells. Meanwhile, KLF4 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) showed a reciprocal pattern of expression. Wnt signaling plays an important role in homeostasis and transformation of the intestinal mucosa through its regulation …
Abortion refers to the termination of pregnancy before 28 weeks of pregnancy, and the Fetus weight less than 1000 grams. According the time of abortion, the abortion includes: Early abortion: abortion happened before twelve weeks of pregnancy. Late abortion: abortion occurred Less than 28 weeks 12 weeks. According the reason of abortion, the abortion includes: spontaneous abortion and artificial …
Early pregnancy refers to the stage before twelve weeks of pregnancy. What are these early pregnancy symptoms? Pregnancy symptoms vary from woman to woman; therefore, they are not the same for all women. However, there are some symptoms that are common to most women in the early pregnancy. It is important to understand the early pregnancy symptoms …
Pregnancy refers to the state that a woman carries a embryo or fetus in the uterus. Mature egg and sperm meet and combine to form the fertilized egg, called fertilization. Fertilization is the beginning of pregnancy that is a sign of an individual life beginning, while the legal and medical definition holds that pregnancy is defined as the period between implantation of a fertilized egg (also called …
The ovarian is the female gonads, and it has two functions: ovulation and the secretion of female hormones. Ovulation refers to an egg and cumulus granulose cells released by a mature ovarian follicle, and travelled down the fallopian tubes towards the uterus. It will be more effectively to plan your pregnancy by understanding the process of …
Menstrual cycle The normal menstrual is periodicity with a cycle of once a month. A menstrual cycle is from Day 1 of bleeding to Day 1 of the next time of bleeding. Generally, the average cycle is 28 days, it is also normal to have a cycle that is as long as 21 days or …
Menstruation Menstruation is the woman’s monthly shedding of the lining of uterus and bleeding with the emergence of cyclical changes in ovarian. The menstrual blood is partly blood and partly tissue from the inside of the uterus, and it flows from the uterus through the cervix and pass out of the body through the vagina. Most menstrual periods last …
The organs of female reproductive system are concerned with progress of reproduction, and they are composed of internal genitalia and external genitalia. Internal genitalia: the internal genitalia located in the pelvic cavity consist of vagina, uterus, fallopian tube and ovary. External genitalia: the external genitalia, also called vulva, are located from the lower margin of …
The treatment of cervical cancer varies with the stages of disease, age, general health of the patient and the facilities of the hospital. Three methods are commonly used to treat cervical cancer: surgery, radiation and chemotherapy. They are used alone or in conjunction with one another. 1.Surgery: Surgery is a common method that always combined …
As to other cancers, early diagnosis is important to successful treating and cure. Pap smear: it is a regular, quick and painless pelvic examination for the screening of cervical cancer, especially in the early stage. Colposcopy: The cervix is stained with a harmless dye to allow easier identification of any abnormal-appearing tissue that may need …
Cervical cancer often goes unnoticed because early cervical cancer generally has no signs or symptoms. However, when symptoms are present, they mimic so many other ailments. When symptoms are present, they usually do not appear until the cancer is more advanced. This does vary from woman to woman. This is why regular screening is so …